Wrench.



PATENTED FEB. 28, 1905.

H. SASKO.

WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED OUT. 18, 1904.

9691 (111mm WwbmM UNITED STATES Patented February 28, 1905.

PATENT EEicE.

HENRY SASKO, OF EAST PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO HENRY THIERRY, OF WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming pa t of Letters Patent 783,468, dated February 28, 1905.

Application filed October 18, 1904;. Serial No. 228,922.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HENRY SAsKo, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, re-

.siding at East Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the followingisaspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in wrenches, and more iiarticularly to that type classed as ratchet-wrenches.

The object of this invention is to provide a r 5 ratchet-wrench which may be quickly adjusted to grip different-sized objects and easily manipulated to rotate said objects in either direction.

To ameliorate the present type of ratchetwrenches, I have constructed my improved wrench upon lines dissimilar to ratchetwrenches heretofore used, and I have embodied such features of construction in my improved wrench that it may be quickly ad 2 5 justed to grip an object and manipulated to rotate said object without removing the wrench therefrom, and in conjunction with these features I have constructed the wrench in as compact a form as possible and arranged the different actuating parts of the wrench whereby they may be easily gripped by the person desiring to manipulate the wrench.

The wrench as contemplated by me cornprises a shank portion in which an oscillating head is mounted, and in said head a sliding jaw is mounted, which is actuated by the oscillating movement of the head. The shank is provided with a pivoted spring-pressed toothed screw, which is normally adapted to 4 engage the oscillating head and govern the movement of the same. The shank is also provided with an auxiliary safety-lock, which is at times employed when it is desired to lock the oscillating head. i

This construction, together with the details entering into the invention,will be hereinafter more fully described and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings accompanying the upper ends of said plates.

this application, like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, in which- Figure 1 is a front view of my improved I wrench. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of my improved wrench, a portion of the handle being 5 5 broken away. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the opposite side of the wrench. Fig. i is a vertical sectional view of my improved wrench. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the shank of my improved wrench. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the sliding jaw. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of the star-wheel, and Fig. 8 is a detail view of a pin used in connection with my improved wrench. Fig. 9 is an edge view of the oscillating jaw.

In the drawings accompanying this application the reference-muneral l designates the handle of my improved wrench, this handle being formed integral with the shank of the wrench, and the shank is formed with two integral plates 2 2, the upper ends of said plates being semicircular in form and are provided with apertures 3 3. The inner faces of the upper ends of these plates are provided with the diametrically opposite slots 4: 4. The lower ends of the plates 2 2 are provided with an outwardly-extending arm 5, said arm having a slot 6 formed vertically therein and a transverse opening 7,which communicates with said slot. Centrally of the plates 2 2 are formed the alined apertures 8, the object of which will be hereinafter more fully described.

The reference-numeral 9 designates the oscillating jaw, which is pivotally mounted be- 8 5 tween the plates 2 2 upon a pin 10, which passes through the apertures 3 3, formed in The oscillating jaw 9 is supported upon this pin by a starwhcel 11. This star-wheel is clearly shown in 0 Fig. 7 of the drawings, and besides being provided with the teeth 12 is provided with the vertically alined shoulders 14-, and these shoulders are adapted to fit within the grooves A 4, formed in the upper ends of the plates 2. The oscillating jaw is of a substantially annular form, the lower portion of said jaw being cut away to form a contracted portion 15,

which is provided with a plurality of teeth 16. The upper portion of the jaw is formed with an enlarged squared portion 16, having an integral upwardly-extending portion 17, which forms the gripping portion of this jaw. The squared portion of the oscillating jaw is provided with a transverse slot 18, and the one side wall of this slot is provided with a tooth or rib 19. In the slot of the oscillating jaw is mounted a sliding jaw, which consists of a bar 20, having formed on its end an integral upwardly-extending portion 21, said portion forming the gripping-bar of this sliding jaw. The bar is provided with a groove 22 longitudinally of its length, said groove being 1 adapted to engage the tooth or rib 19 of the oscillating jaw. The lower edge of the bar 20 is provided with a plurality of teeth 23, and these teeth when the sliding jaw is mounted in the oscillating jaw are adapted to engage the teeth of the star-wheel 11.

Between the plates 2 2 is pivotally mounted a lever 24, a pin 25 being employed to pivot said lever between the plates, this pin passing through the apertures 18 of said plates. The reference-numeral 26 designates the tooth of said lever, and formed integral with the upper edge of said lever is an upwardly-extending portion 27 that is adapted to engage the contracted portion 15 of the oscillating jaw. This portion of the lever is normally held in engagement with the oscillating jaw by a spring 28, mounted upon the shank of the wrench.

In the alined apertures 7 of the arm 5 is mounted a pin 29, this pin being clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 8 of the drawings. The pin is provided with an aperture 30, and in said aperture is formed an inwardlyprojecting pin 31. The aperture 30 is adapted to vertically aline with the slot 6 of the arm 5, and in said aperture is mounted the screw 32, which has a toothed head 33. The screw is provided longitudinally of its length with a slot 3 1, in which thepin 31 is adapted to engage. The screw is provided with a collar 35, that is adapted to rest upon the arm 5, and between said collar and the toothed head of the screw is mounted a spiral spring 36. The lower screw-threaded end of the screw is provided with a knurled thumb-nut 37, and the manner of adjusting this screw, together with the operation of my improved wrench, will now be described.

In describing the operation of my wrench I will assume that the same is being manipulated upon a nut. To manipulate the wrench as a ratchet-wrench, 1 will assume that a new or fresh grip is to be taken upon the nut, at which time the handle of the wrench is moved in the reverse direction, and as said handle moves the star-wheel 11 is turned in the oscillating jaw 9, which will, through the medium of the teeth 12 and the teeth 23, move the sliding jaw outwardly until the wrench has been moved sufliciently to permit the jaws of the wrench to grip another flat surface upon the nut. The jaws are moved into engagement with the flat surfaces of the nut by the spiral spring 36. When the handle has been moved, the spiral spring is depressed, owing to the fact that the toothed head 33 of the pin 32 is in engagement with one of the teeth 16 of the oscillating jaw 9, and as said jaw is pivotally mounted within the shank of the wrench when rotated it will depress the spring, and when the shank has been moved sufliciently to permit the jaws to engage a fresh grip upon the nut the spring expanding forces the jaws into engagement with the nut. This movement can be repeated until the nut has been sufficiently rotated. During the tightening or rotation of the nut, should it be desired for any reason to unscrew the same, the wrench may be reversed and placed upon the nut, in which instance the handle being-moved to unscrew the nut the jaws will be held in engagement with the flat surfaces of said nut, it being impossible for either one of the jaws to move, owing to the fact that the oscillating jaw is locked to the shank of the wrench by the pin 32, and it will also be impossible for the sliding jaw to move, owing to the fact that the movement of the handle is binding said jaw against the nut.

At any time when the wrench is being used as a ratchet-wrench to rotate anut, or should it be desired to unscrew the nut without reversing the wrench, the lever 24 is pressed toward the handle or shank of the wrench, when it will force the tooth 26 into engagement with one of the teeth 16, depressing the spring 28 and holding the oscillating jaw in engagement with the faces of the nut and preventing either the sliding jaw or said oscillating jaw from becoming disengaged therefrom until the lever 24: is released, which will return it to its normal position by the expansion of the spring 28.

The manner in which my wrench is to be manipulated depends entirely upon the position it occupies upon a nut, it only being possible to use said wrench as a ratchet-wrench by rotating the nut in one direction, and by employing the lever 2a and the tooth 26 it is possible for me to lock the jaws of the wrench, whereby the ratchet cannot operate. To set the jaws to different-sized nuts, the thumb-nut 36 is gripped and pulled downwardly, which will disengage the toothed head 33 from the teeth 16, and the oscillating head can then be moved until the jaws have been set sufficiently to engage the nut, at which time the toothed head is placed in engagement with one of the teeth 16, and should a finer adjustment-of these jaws be desired or a more positive grip be taken upon the nutthe knurled thumb-nut 36 is rotated, which will raise the screw 32 and move the oscillating jaw sufficiently to cause the sliding jaw to engage the nut. The pin 31 prevents the screw from rotating within the aperture 30, and the threads of said screw are only employed for raising and lowering the screw. When the thumb-nut 37 is pressed inwardly toward the handle of the Wrench and the toothed head 33 disengaged from the teeth 16, the jaws may be moved in either direction, this movement opening the jaws, and when the jaws are secured upon the nut and the toothed head 33 placed in engagement with the teeth 16 the more that the handle is moved the tighter the jaws are made to grip the nut, and when said handle is swung to accomplish this the toothed head 33 will recede into the tooth following the one in which it was seated. It will thus be seen that the least movement of the handle in its movable direction will tend to move the sliding jaw inwardly, thus providing a wrench which will take and maintain a sure and'positive grip upon a nut as long as the wrench is manipulated in one direction, and the jaws of said wrench will only recede a certain distance when the handle is moved in the opposite direction, this operation constituting the ratchet feature of my improved wrench.

It will be observed from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings, that a very slight movement of the oscillating jaw tends to move the sliding jaw, owing to the fact that the star-wheel 11 is mounted in the shank of the wrench as a permanent fixture and cannot' be moved unless the handle or crank of the wrench is moved simultaneously.

The many advantages of a wrench constructed according to my invention will be apparent to those accustomed to handling wrenches, and while I have herein shown the preferred form of constructing the wrench it is obvious that various changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is

1. A wrench comprising a shank, an oscillating jaw pivotally mounted in said shank, a sliding jaw mounted in said oscillating jaw, means whereby when said shank is moved said sliding jaw will be actuated, means for adjusting said oscillating jaw,and means for locking said oscillating jaw, substantially as described.

2. A wrench comprising a shank, a star- Wheel mounted in said shank, an oscillating jaw rotatably mounted in said shank, a jaw slidably mounted in said oscillating jaw, means for adjusting said sliding jaw within said oscillating jaw, means for adjusting said oscillating jaw,,and means for locking said jaw, substantially as described.

3. A wrench comprising a shank having an oscillating jaw movably mounted therein, a

jaw slidably mounted in said oscillating jaw, 5

means to simultaneously adjust said jaws, and means to lock both said jaws in said adjusted position against movement in either direction, substantially as described.

4:. A wrench comprising a shank, a jaw piv- 7 otally mounted in said shank, a sliding jaw mounted in said jaw, means actuated by said shank for adjusting said sliding jaw, means carried by said shank for adjusting said firstnamed jaw, and means to simultaneously lock said jaws in adjusted position against move ment in either direction, substantially as described.

5. A wrench comprising a shank, a starwheel mounted in said shank, an oscillating jaw mounted upon said star-wheel, a jaw slid ably mounted in said oscillating jaw and actuated by said star-wheel, a pivoted springpressed toothed screw mounted in said shank and adapted to engage said oscillating jaw, 5

means to adjust said screw, and means to lock said jaws in their adjusted position, substantially as described.

6. A wrench of the type described comprisingashank, an oscillating jaw mounted in said 9 shank, a sliding jaw mounted in said oscillating jaw, a pivoted spring-pressed toothed screw carried by said shank and adapted to govern the movement of the oscillating jaw,

means whereby when said shank is moved said 

